Anti-inflammatory activity of plant-derived natural bio-organic ingredients: A review

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is a natural process of defense that occurs in response to tissue injury, cell death, 
cancer, ischemia, and degeneration. It is also evoked after the invasion of body cells by various pathogens. If 
inflammation is not managed, it results in cancer or in an autoimmune disorder. Plant natural products possess the 
ability to neutralize inflammatory reactions. These are considered true healers and can be used for the treatment 
of tissue inflammation in the future. Aim of the Review: For writing the present review, the anti-inflammatory 
and immunomodulatory effects of plant extracts, bioorganic compounds, and herbal preparations from more 
than 200 plant species have been selected. Materials and Methods: An extensive literature search was done 
for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity of plant extracts, bioorganic compounds, plant essential 
oils, plant latex, gums, pigments, and herbal preparations published in English within the past 20 years through 
databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and The Web of Science). Results: A total of 467 papers were found by 
searching, and 87 papers were screened after removing duplicates and reading article titles. Fifteen articles met the 
requirements to be included in this review. Among those selected, 17 articles reported in vivo research results, and 
4 articles showed research results. Conclusion: Plant extracts, bioorganic compounds, plant essential oils, plant 
latex, gums, pigments, and herbal preparations can reduce inflammation by regulating the release of inflammatory 
cytokines involved in multiple signaling pathways. Plant natural products are expected to be developed as antiinflammatory drugs.