Clinical evaluation of Akshitarpana with Go-ghrita (Pathmedagoshala) in the management of Timira w.s.r. to simple myopia

Abstract

Background: Timira is one of the important Drishtigata roga described in classical Ayurvedic literature and is characterized by progressive diminution of vision. The involvement of the first and second Patalas of Timira closely resembles simple myopia, a common refractive error affecting distant vision. The prevalence of myopia is steadily increasing worldwide due to prolonged near work, excessive screen exposure, reduced outdoor activities, and genetic predisposition. Contemporary management mainly relies on spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgeries, which provide only optical correction and do not address the underlying pathology or progression of the disease. Ayurveda advocates several therapeutic modalities for Timira, among which Akshi tarpana with Go-ghrita, known for its Chakshushya, Rasayana, and Tridoshahara properties, is considered an important localized therapy for improving ocular nourishment and visual function. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Akshi Tarpana with Go-ghrita (Pathmeda Goshala) in the management of Timira with special reference to simple myopia. Materials and Methods: A single-arm clinical study was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with Timira corresponding to simple myopia and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Patients were administered Akshi tarpana with Go-ghrita (Pathmeda Goshala) for a total duration of 28 days, consisting of two sittings of therapy from 1st to 7th day and 15th to 21st day, with gap periods between 8th–14th day and 22nd–28th day. Assessment of therapeutic efficacy was carried out using subjective parameters, such as Avyakta Darshana (indistinct vision) and objective parameters, including visual acuity and refractive error measurements before and after treatment. Statistical Analysis: The collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as paired t-test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate the significance of changes observed before and after treatment. Results: The therapy showed statistically significant improvement in visual acuity and reduction in symptoms associated with Timira (simple myopia), indicating the beneficial effect of Akshi tarpana with Go-ghrita in improving ocular function. Conclusion: Akshi tarpana with Go-ghrita (Pathmeda Goshala) is a safe, economical, and effective therapeutic modality in the management of Timira with special reference to simple myopia. The therapy demonstrated promising results in improving visual acuity and alleviating symptoms through its nourishing, Vata-shamaka, and Chakshushya effects on ocular tissues