A comparative study of the pattern ofself-medication among housewives andworking ladies in a city of North East India

Abstract

Background: The World Health Organization describes self-medication as the use of medicines by individuals to treat conditions that they have identified themselves. This behavior is influenced by factors such as education, income, access to healthcare, and personal health beliefs. In India, self-medication is widespread, with prevalence varying across different regions and demographics. This study aims to assess and compare self-medication patterns among housewives and working women in Guwahati, Assam. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire- based study was conducted over 6 months in Guwahati city. The study included 584 working women and 568 housewives, selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering aspects such as types of drugs used, reasons for self-medication, sources of information, and duration of medication
use. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The prevalence of self-medication was significantly higher among working women (71%) compared to housewives (63%) (P < 0.05). Both groups most frequently used pain relievers and fever-reducing medications. Employed women typically sought guidance from pharmacists or reused previous prescriptions, while housewives turned to informal sources such as relatives and media. Key reasons being perceiving the illness as minor, seeking quick relief, and lack of time. Working women were more inclined
toward allopathic medicines, while housewives showed a preference for Ayurvedic remedies. Conclusion: Self- medication is common among both groups, though distinct patterns are evident. These findings highlight the need for targeted education and stronger regulations to encourage safe and responsible self-medication practices.