Anti-urolithiatic potential of Hydrangeaarborescens and Lycopodiumclavatum: In silico and in vitro approach

Abstract

Accumulation of inorganic substances in the kidney leads to crystallization of deposited matter after a prolonged period of time and elevates inflammation and dysfunction of the urinary tract. Urolithiasis is a painful
urologic condition characterized by the formation of hard crystals in any part of the urinary system such as kidney, ureter, or bladder. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-urolithiatic potential of Hydrangea arborescens and Lycopodium clavatum using in silico and in vitro methods. Materials and Methods: The potential of H. arborescens and L. clavatum was studied against the dissolution capacity of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. The percent dissolution of calcium oxalate crystal was estimated by titrimetric and ultraviolet-spectrophotometric methods. Further, the phytochemicals from both plants were retrieved from the PubChem database to identify the molecular docking score and explore anti-urolithiatic activity. Result: The H. arborescens and L. clavatum
have shown significant anti-urolithiasis activity by dissolving calcium oxalate crystals at 63.15 ± 3.53% and 27.80 ± 2.71%, respectively. Diepiserratenediol (?4.73) and apigenin (?4.71) from L. clavatum and quercetin (?6.12) and kaempferol (?4.97) from H. arborescens showed high docking scores compared to cystone (?3.56).
Conclusion: The tincture of H. arborescens was found to be more effective than L. clavatum in dissolving CaOx
crystals by in vitro methods.