Phytochemistry, therapeutic and pharmacological potential of Nerium oleander L.

Ravi Kant Upadhyay

Abstract


This study explains the phytochemistry, therapeutic, and pharmacological potential of Nerium oleander L,
commonly known as Kaneir or Kaner. Kaner is a most common small ornamental plant grown in gardens and parks
in temperate and semi-arid climates. The present paper outlines the antifungal, antibacterial, cardioprotective,
hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, cardiotonic, diuretic antimicrobial, and
insecticidal properties of this plant. N. oleander leaves are highly toxic to livestock and humans. N. oleander
L. stem extract has antihyperglycemic potential, showed protective effect against injuries and wounds without
side effects. N. oleander flower components showed anti-convulsant activity, while root powder has anti-venom
activity along with anti-myotoxic and anti-hemorrhagic properties. This study explains the antitumor, anticancer,
and anti-HIV activity of Nerium and its associated species with active ingredients. The active ingredients of
N. oleander inhibit the replication of viruses and successfully prohibit the infection cycle inside host cells. These
active ingredients exhibit cytotoxic and anti-proliferation and anti-tumor activity. They are also effective in
regulating fertility and the breakdown of pregnancy. This article states that the arial parts of the Nerium plant are
toxic and self-harmonic drugs must be prohibited. It is therefore necessary to investigate the long-term effects of
plant natural products of Nerium plant on body metabolism to prevent unnecessary toxicity to other organs. After
a thorough screening, these could be used for therapeutic purposes.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22377/ijgp.v18i03.3588

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